Serveur d'exploration Phytophthora

Attention, ce site est en cours de développement !
Attention, site généré par des moyens informatiques à partir de corpus bruts.
Les informations ne sont donc pas validées.

Genetic Variation within Clonal Lineages of Phytophthora infestans Revealed through Genotyping-By-Sequencing, and Implications for Late Blight Epidemiology.

Identifieur interne : 000C30 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000C29; suivant : 000C31

Genetic Variation within Clonal Lineages of Phytophthora infestans Revealed through Genotyping-By-Sequencing, and Implications for Late Blight Epidemiology.

Auteurs : Zachariah R. Hansen [États-Unis] ; Kathryne L. Everts [États-Unis] ; William E. Fry [États-Unis] ; Amanda J. Gevens [États-Unis] ; Niklaus J. Grünwald [États-Unis] ; Beth K. Gugino [États-Unis] ; Dennis A. Johnson [États-Unis] ; Steven B. Johnson [États-Unis] ; Howard S. Judelson [États-Unis] ; Brian J. Knaus [États-Unis] ; Margaret T. Mcgrath [États-Unis] ; Kevin L. Myers [États-Unis] ; Jean B. Ristaino [États-Unis] ; Pamela D. Roberts [États-Unis] ; Gary A. Secor [États-Unis] ; Christine D. Smart [États-Unis]

Source :

RBID : pubmed:27812174

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was performed on 257 Phytophthora infestans isolates belonging to four clonal lineages to study within-lineage diversity. The four lineages used in the study were US-8 (n = 28), US-11 (n = 27), US-23 (n = 166), and US-24 (n = 36), with isolates originating from 23 of the United States and Ontario, Canada. The majority of isolates were collected between 2010 and 2014 (94%), with the remaining isolates collected from 1994 to 2009, and 2015. Between 3,774 and 5,070 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified within each lineage and were used to investigate relationships among individuals. K-means hierarchical clustering revealed three clusters within lineage US-23, with US-23 isolates clustering more by collection year than by geographic origin. K-means hierarchical clustering did not reveal significant clustering within the smaller US-8, US-11, and US-24 data sets. Neighbor-joining (NJ) trees were also constructed for each lineage. All four NJ trees revealed evidence for pathogen dispersal and overwintering within regions, as well as long-distance pathogen transport across regions. In the US-23 NJ tree, grouping by year was more prominent than grouping by region, which indicates the importance of long-distance pathogen transport as a source of initial late blight inoculum. Our results support previous studies that found significant genetic diversity within clonal lineages of P. infestans and show that GBS offers sufficiently high resolution to detect sub-structuring within clonal populations.

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165690
PubMed: 27812174
PubMed Central: PMC5094694


Affiliations:


Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)


Le document en format XML

<record>
<TEI>
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title xml:lang="en">Genetic Variation within Clonal Lineages of Phytophthora infestans Revealed through Genotyping-By-Sequencing, and Implications for Late Blight Epidemiology.</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hansen, Zachariah R" sort="Hansen, Zachariah R" uniqKey="Hansen Z" first="Zachariah R" last="Hansen">Zachariah R. Hansen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Geneva, NY</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Everts, Kathryne L" sort="Everts, Kathryne L" uniqKey="Everts K" first="Kathryne L" last="Everts">Kathryne L. Everts</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, Salisbury, MD, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, Salisbury, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Maryland</region>
<settlement type="city">College Park (Maryland)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université du Maryland</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fry, William E" sort="Fry, William E" uniqKey="Fry W" first="William E" last="Fry">William E. Fry</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gevens, Amanda J" sort="Gevens, Amanda J" uniqKey="Gevens A" first="Amanda J" last="Gevens">Amanda J. Gevens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Wisconsin</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Grunwald, Niklaus J" sort="Grunwald, Niklaus J" uniqKey="Grunwald N" first="Niklaus J" last="Grünwald">Niklaus J. Grünwald</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corvallis, OR, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corvallis, OR</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Oregon</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gugino, Beth K" sort="Gugino, Beth K" uniqKey="Gugino B" first="Beth K" last="Gugino">Beth K. Gugino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">University Park (Pennsylvanie)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'État de Pennsylvanie</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Johnson, Dennis A" sort="Johnson, Dennis A" uniqKey="Johnson D" first="Dennis A" last="Johnson">Dennis A. Johnson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Washington (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Johnson, Steven B" sort="Johnson, Steven B" uniqKey="Johnson S" first="Steven B" last="Johnson">Steven B. Johnson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>University of Maine Cooperative Extension, Presque Isle, ME, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Maine Cooperative Extension, Presque Isle, ME</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Maine (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Judelson, Howard S" sort="Judelson, Howard S" uniqKey="Judelson H" first="Howard S" last="Judelson">Howard S. Judelson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Knaus, Brian J" sort="Knaus, Brian J" uniqKey="Knaus B" first="Brian J" last="Knaus">Brian J. Knaus</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corvallis, OR, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corvallis, OR</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Oregon</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mcgrath, Margaret T" sort="Mcgrath, Margaret T" uniqKey="Mcgrath M" first="Margaret T" last="Mcgrath">Margaret T. Mcgrath</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Riverhead, NY, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Riverhead, NY</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Myers, Kevin L" sort="Myers, Kevin L" uniqKey="Myers K" first="Kevin L" last="Myers">Kevin L. Myers</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ristaino, Jean B" sort="Ristaino, Jean B" uniqKey="Ristaino J" first="Jean B" last="Ristaino">Jean B. Ristaino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Roberts, Pamela D" sort="Roberts, Pamela D" uniqKey="Roberts P" first="Pamela D" last="Roberts">Pamela D. Roberts</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Immokalee, FL, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Immokalee, FL</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Floride</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Secor, Gary A" sort="Secor, Gary A" uniqKey="Secor G" first="Gary A" last="Secor">Gary A. Secor</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Dakota du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Smart, Christine D" sort="Smart, Christine D" uniqKey="Smart C" first="Christine D" last="Smart">Christine D. Smart</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Geneva, NY</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt>
<idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2016">2016</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:27812174</idno>
<idno type="pmid">27812174</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0165690</idno>
<idno type="pmc">PMC5094694</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000A88</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000A88</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000A88</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000A88</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000A88</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<biblStruct>
<analytic>
<title xml:lang="en">Genetic Variation within Clonal Lineages of Phytophthora infestans Revealed through Genotyping-By-Sequencing, and Implications for Late Blight Epidemiology.</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hansen, Zachariah R" sort="Hansen, Zachariah R" uniqKey="Hansen Z" first="Zachariah R" last="Hansen">Zachariah R. Hansen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Geneva, NY</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Everts, Kathryne L" sort="Everts, Kathryne L" uniqKey="Everts K" first="Kathryne L" last="Everts">Kathryne L. Everts</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, Salisbury, MD, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, Salisbury, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Maryland</region>
<settlement type="city">College Park (Maryland)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université du Maryland</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Fry, William E" sort="Fry, William E" uniqKey="Fry W" first="William E" last="Fry">William E. Fry</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gevens, Amanda J" sort="Gevens, Amanda J" uniqKey="Gevens A" first="Amanda J" last="Gevens">Amanda J. Gevens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Wisconsin</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Grunwald, Niklaus J" sort="Grunwald, Niklaus J" uniqKey="Grunwald N" first="Niklaus J" last="Grünwald">Niklaus J. Grünwald</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corvallis, OR, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corvallis, OR</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Oregon</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gugino, Beth K" sort="Gugino, Beth K" uniqKey="Gugino B" first="Beth K" last="Gugino">Beth K. Gugino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">University Park (Pennsylvanie)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université d'État de Pennsylvanie</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Johnson, Dennis A" sort="Johnson, Dennis A" uniqKey="Johnson D" first="Dennis A" last="Johnson">Dennis A. Johnson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Washington (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Johnson, Steven B" sort="Johnson, Steven B" uniqKey="Johnson S" first="Steven B" last="Johnson">Steven B. Johnson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>University of Maine Cooperative Extension, Presque Isle, ME, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>University of Maine Cooperative Extension, Presque Isle, ME</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Maine (État)</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Judelson, Howard S" sort="Judelson, Howard S" uniqKey="Judelson H" first="Howard S" last="Judelson">Howard S. Judelson</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Californie</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Knaus, Brian J" sort="Knaus, Brian J" uniqKey="Knaus B" first="Brian J" last="Knaus">Brian J. Knaus</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corvallis, OR, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corvallis, OR</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Oregon</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Mcgrath, Margaret T" sort="Mcgrath, Margaret T" uniqKey="Mcgrath M" first="Margaret T" last="Mcgrath">Margaret T. Mcgrath</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Riverhead, NY, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Riverhead, NY</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Myers, Kevin L" sort="Myers, Kevin L" uniqKey="Myers K" first="Kevin L" last="Myers">Kevin L. Myers</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ristaino, Jean B" sort="Ristaino, Jean B" uniqKey="Ristaino J" first="Jean B" last="Ristaino">Jean B. Ristaino</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Caroline du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Roberts, Pamela D" sort="Roberts, Pamela D" uniqKey="Roberts P" first="Pamela D" last="Roberts">Pamela D. Roberts</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Immokalee, FL, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Immokalee, FL</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Floride</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Secor, Gary A" sort="Secor, Gary A" uniqKey="Secor G" first="Gary A" last="Secor">Gary A. Secor</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2">
<nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">Dakota du Nord</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Smart, Christine D" sort="Smart, Christine D" uniqKey="Smart C" first="Christine D" last="Smart">Christine D. Smart</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, United States of America.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Geneva, NY</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName>
<region type="state">État de New York</region>
<settlement type="city">Ithaca (New York)</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université Cornell</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">PloS one</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2016" type="published">2016</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass>
<keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en">
<term>Base Sequence (MeSH)</term>
<term>Canada (MeSH)</term>
<term>DNA, Protozoan (genetics)</term>
<term>Genetic Linkage (genetics)</term>
<term>Genotype (MeSH)</term>
<term>Geography (MeSH)</term>
<term>Lycopersicon esculentum (parasitology)</term>
<term>Phytophthora infestans (genetics)</term>
<term>Phytophthora infestans (isolation & purification)</term>
<term>Plant Diseases (parasitology)</term>
<term>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide (genetics)</term>
<term>Sequence Analysis, DNA (MeSH)</term>
<term>Solanum tuberosum (parasitology)</term>
<term>United States (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr">
<term>ADN des protozoaires (génétique)</term>
<term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN (MeSH)</term>
<term>Canada (MeSH)</term>
<term>Génotype (MeSH)</term>
<term>Géographie (MeSH)</term>
<term>Liaison génétique (génétique)</term>
<term>Lycopersicon esculentum (parasitologie)</term>
<term>Maladies des plantes (parasitologie)</term>
<term>Phytophthora infestans (génétique)</term>
<term>Phytophthora infestans (isolement et purification)</term>
<term>Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple (génétique)</term>
<term>Solanum tuberosum (parasitologie)</term>
<term>Séquence nucléotidique (MeSH)</term>
<term>États-Unis (MeSH)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en">
<term>DNA, Protozoan</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en">
<term>Genetic Linkage</term>
<term>Phytophthora infestans</term>
<term>Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr">
<term>ADN des protozoaires</term>
<term>Liaison génétique</term>
<term>Phytophthora infestans</term>
<term>Polymorphisme de nucléotide simple</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en">
<term>Phytophthora infestans</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Phytophthora infestans</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="parasitologie" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Lycopersicon esculentum</term>
<term>Maladies des plantes</term>
<term>Solanum tuberosum</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="parasitology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Lycopersicon esculentum</term>
<term>Plant Diseases</term>
<term>Solanum tuberosum</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en">
<term>Base Sequence</term>
<term>Canada</term>
<term>Genotype</term>
<term>Geography</term>
<term>Sequence Analysis, DNA</term>
<term>United States</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN</term>
<term>Canada</term>
<term>Génotype</term>
<term>Géographie</term>
<term>Séquence nucléotidique</term>
<term>États-Unis</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was performed on 257 Phytophthora infestans isolates belonging to four clonal lineages to study within-lineage diversity. The four lineages used in the study were US-8 (n = 28), US-11 (n = 27), US-23 (n = 166), and US-24 (n = 36), with isolates originating from 23 of the United States and Ontario, Canada. The majority of isolates were collected between 2010 and 2014 (94%), with the remaining isolates collected from 1994 to 2009, and 2015. Between 3,774 and 5,070 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified within each lineage and were used to investigate relationships among individuals. K-means hierarchical clustering revealed three clusters within lineage US-23, with US-23 isolates clustering more by collection year than by geographic origin. K-means hierarchical clustering did not reveal significant clustering within the smaller US-8, US-11, and US-24 data sets. Neighbor-joining (NJ) trees were also constructed for each lineage. All four NJ trees revealed evidence for pathogen dispersal and overwintering within regions, as well as long-distance pathogen transport across regions. In the US-23 NJ tree, grouping by year was more prominent than grouping by region, which indicates the importance of long-distance pathogen transport as a source of initial late blight inoculum. Our results support previous studies that found significant genetic diversity within clonal lineages of P. infestans and show that GBS offers sufficiently high resolution to detect sub-structuring within clonal populations.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pubmed>
<MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM">
<PMID Version="1">27812174</PMID>
<DateCompleted>
<Year>2017</Year>
<Month>07</Month>
<Day>05</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised>
<Year>2019</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>10</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection">
<Journal>
<ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1932-6203</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet">
<Volume>11</Volume>
<Issue>11</Issue>
<PubDate>
<Year>2016</Year>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>PloS one</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>PLoS One</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Genetic Variation within Clonal Lineages of Phytophthora infestans Revealed through Genotyping-By-Sequencing, and Implications for Late Blight Epidemiology.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination>
<MedlinePgn>e0165690</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1371/journal.pone.0165690</ELocationID>
<Abstract>
<AbstractText>Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was performed on 257 Phytophthora infestans isolates belonging to four clonal lineages to study within-lineage diversity. The four lineages used in the study were US-8 (n = 28), US-11 (n = 27), US-23 (n = 166), and US-24 (n = 36), with isolates originating from 23 of the United States and Ontario, Canada. The majority of isolates were collected between 2010 and 2014 (94%), with the remaining isolates collected from 1994 to 2009, and 2015. Between 3,774 and 5,070 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified within each lineage and were used to investigate relationships among individuals. K-means hierarchical clustering revealed three clusters within lineage US-23, with US-23 isolates clustering more by collection year than by geographic origin. K-means hierarchical clustering did not reveal significant clustering within the smaller US-8, US-11, and US-24 data sets. Neighbor-joining (NJ) trees were also constructed for each lineage. All four NJ trees revealed evidence for pathogen dispersal and overwintering within regions, as well as long-distance pathogen transport across regions. In the US-23 NJ tree, grouping by year was more prominent than grouping by region, which indicates the importance of long-distance pathogen transport as a source of initial late blight inoculum. Our results support previous studies that found significant genetic diversity within clonal lineages of P. infestans and show that GBS offers sufficiently high resolution to detect sub-structuring within clonal populations.</AbstractText>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y">
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Hansen</LastName>
<ForeName>Zachariah R</ForeName>
<Initials>ZR</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Everts</LastName>
<ForeName>Kathryne L</ForeName>
<Initials>KL</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, Salisbury, MD, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Fry</LastName>
<ForeName>William E</ForeName>
<Initials>WE</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Gevens</LastName>
<ForeName>Amanda J</ForeName>
<Initials>AJ</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Grünwald</LastName>
<ForeName>Niklaus J</ForeName>
<Initials>NJ</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corvallis, OR, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Gugino</LastName>
<ForeName>Beth K</ForeName>
<Initials>BK</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Johnson</LastName>
<ForeName>Dennis A</ForeName>
<Initials>DA</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Johnson</LastName>
<ForeName>Steven B</ForeName>
<Initials>SB</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>University of Maine Cooperative Extension, Presque Isle, ME, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Judelson</LastName>
<ForeName>Howard S</ForeName>
<Initials>HS</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Knaus</LastName>
<ForeName>Brian J</ForeName>
<Initials>BJ</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Horticultural Crops Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corvallis, OR, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>McGrath</LastName>
<ForeName>Margaret T</ForeName>
<Initials>MT</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Riverhead, NY, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Myers</LastName>
<ForeName>Kevin L</ForeName>
<Initials>KL</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Ristaino</LastName>
<ForeName>Jean B</ForeName>
<Initials>JB</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Roberts</LastName>
<ForeName>Pamela D</ForeName>
<Initials>PD</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Immokalee, FL, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Secor</LastName>
<ForeName>Gary A</ForeName>
<Initials>GA</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Smart</LastName>
<ForeName>Christine D</ForeName>
<Initials>CD</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, United States of America.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<GrantList CompleteYN="Y">
<Grant>
<GrantID>S10 OD016290</GrantID>
<Acronym>OD</Acronym>
<Agency>NIH HHS</Agency>
<Country>United States</Country>
</Grant>
</GrantList>
<PublicationTypeList>
<PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic">
<Year>2016</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>03</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo>
<Country>United States</Country>
<MedlineTA>PLoS One</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>101285081</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>1932-6203</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D016054">DNA, Protozoan</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D001483" MajorTopicYN="N">Base Sequence</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D002170" MajorTopicYN="N">Canada</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D016054" MajorTopicYN="N">DNA, Protozoan</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D008040" MajorTopicYN="N">Genetic Linkage</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D005838" MajorTopicYN="N">Genotype</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D005843" MajorTopicYN="N">Geography</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D018551" MajorTopicYN="N">Lycopersicon esculentum</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000469" MajorTopicYN="N">parasitology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D055750" MajorTopicYN="N">Phytophthora infestans</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="Y">isolation & purification</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D010935" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Diseases</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000469" MajorTopicYN="Y">parasitology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D020641" MajorTopicYN="N">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D017422" MajorTopicYN="N">Sequence Analysis, DNA</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D011198" MajorTopicYN="N">Solanum tuberosum</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000469" MajorTopicYN="N">parasitology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D014481" MajorTopicYN="N">United States</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
<CoiStatement>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</CoiStatement>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData>
<History>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received">
<Year>2016</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>12</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted">
<Year>2016</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>17</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed">
<Year>2016</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>5</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline">
<Year>2017</Year>
<Month>7</Month>
<Day>6</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez">
<Year>2016</Year>
<Month>11</Month>
<Day>5</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
</History>
<PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27812174</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0165690</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pii">PONE-D-16-23579</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC5094694</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
<ReferenceList>
<Reference>
<Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Jul 27;101(30):11030-5</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15258291</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Bioinformatics. 2008 Jun 1;24(11):1403-5</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18397895</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Phytopathology. 2003 Jun;93(6):738-46</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18943061</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Phytopathology. 2003 Mar;93(3):293-304</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18944339</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Phytopathology. 2000 Nov;90(11):1188-95</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18944419</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Phytopathology. 1998 Sep;88(9):939-49</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18944872</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Phytopathology. 1998 Aug;88(8):754-63</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18944880</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Phytopathology. 1998 Mar;88(3):190-7</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18944964</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Phytopathology. 1997 Apr;87(4):462-73</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">18945128</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Bioinformatics. 2009 Jul 15;25(14):1754-60</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19451168</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Nature. 2009 Sep 17;461(7262):393-8</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19741609</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>BMC Genet. 2010 Oct 15;11:94</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20950446</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>PLoS One. 2011 May 04;6(5):e19379</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21573248</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Bioinformatics. 2011 Aug 1;27(15):2156-8</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">21653522</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>PLoS Pathog. 2012;8(10):e1002940</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23055926</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>G3 (Bethesda). 2012 Dec;2(12):1529-40</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23275876</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>PLoS Genet. 2013;9(1):e1003215</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23349638</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Elife. 2013 May 28;2:e00731</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">23741619</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Theor Appl Genet. 1975 Jun;45(6):231-41</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24419466</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Mol Biol Evol. 2014 Jun;31(6):1414-20</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24577840</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>PLoS One. 2014 Feb 28;9(2):e90346</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24587335</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>PeerJ. 2014 Mar 04;2:e281</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">24688859</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>PLoS One. 2014 Sep 02;9(9):e106740</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25181515</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>PLoS One. 2014 Dec 31;9(12):e116354</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25551215</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Phytopathology. 2015 Jul;105(7):966-81</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">25760519</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Front Genet. 2015 Jun 10;6:208</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26113860</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>PLoS One. 2015 Nov 23;10(11):e0143665</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26599440</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2016 Aug 4;54:323-46</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27296138</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Mol Ecol Resour. 2017 Jan;17(1):44-53</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">27401132</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Plant Dis. 2016 Jan;100(1):180-187</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">30688576</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Plant Dis. 2015 May;99(5):659-666</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">30699679</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Mol Biol Evol. 1987 Jul;4(4):406-25</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">3447015</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Nov 22;91(24):11591-5</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">7972108</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
<Reference>
<Citation>Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998 Oct;64(10):4007-14</Citation>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">9758833</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
</Reference>
</ReferenceList>
</PubmedData>
</pubmed>
<affiliations>
<list>
<country>
<li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region>
<li>Californie</li>
<li>Caroline du Nord</li>
<li>Dakota du Nord</li>
<li>Floride</li>
<li>Maine (État)</li>
<li>Maryland</li>
<li>Oregon</li>
<li>Pennsylvanie</li>
<li>Washington (État)</li>
<li>Wisconsin</li>
<li>État de New York</li>
</region>
<settlement>
<li>College Park (Maryland)</li>
<li>Ithaca (New York)</li>
<li>University Park (Pennsylvanie)</li>
</settlement>
<orgName>
<li>Université Cornell</li>
<li>Université d'État de Pennsylvanie</li>
<li>Université du Maryland</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree>
<country name="États-Unis">
<region name="État de New York">
<name sortKey="Hansen, Zachariah R" sort="Hansen, Zachariah R" uniqKey="Hansen Z" first="Zachariah R" last="Hansen">Zachariah R. Hansen</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Everts, Kathryne L" sort="Everts, Kathryne L" uniqKey="Everts K" first="Kathryne L" last="Everts">Kathryne L. Everts</name>
<name sortKey="Fry, William E" sort="Fry, William E" uniqKey="Fry W" first="William E" last="Fry">William E. Fry</name>
<name sortKey="Gevens, Amanda J" sort="Gevens, Amanda J" uniqKey="Gevens A" first="Amanda J" last="Gevens">Amanda J. Gevens</name>
<name sortKey="Grunwald, Niklaus J" sort="Grunwald, Niklaus J" uniqKey="Grunwald N" first="Niklaus J" last="Grünwald">Niklaus J. Grünwald</name>
<name sortKey="Gugino, Beth K" sort="Gugino, Beth K" uniqKey="Gugino B" first="Beth K" last="Gugino">Beth K. Gugino</name>
<name sortKey="Johnson, Dennis A" sort="Johnson, Dennis A" uniqKey="Johnson D" first="Dennis A" last="Johnson">Dennis A. Johnson</name>
<name sortKey="Johnson, Steven B" sort="Johnson, Steven B" uniqKey="Johnson S" first="Steven B" last="Johnson">Steven B. Johnson</name>
<name sortKey="Judelson, Howard S" sort="Judelson, Howard S" uniqKey="Judelson H" first="Howard S" last="Judelson">Howard S. Judelson</name>
<name sortKey="Knaus, Brian J" sort="Knaus, Brian J" uniqKey="Knaus B" first="Brian J" last="Knaus">Brian J. Knaus</name>
<name sortKey="Mcgrath, Margaret T" sort="Mcgrath, Margaret T" uniqKey="Mcgrath M" first="Margaret T" last="Mcgrath">Margaret T. Mcgrath</name>
<name sortKey="Myers, Kevin L" sort="Myers, Kevin L" uniqKey="Myers K" first="Kevin L" last="Myers">Kevin L. Myers</name>
<name sortKey="Ristaino, Jean B" sort="Ristaino, Jean B" uniqKey="Ristaino J" first="Jean B" last="Ristaino">Jean B. Ristaino</name>
<name sortKey="Roberts, Pamela D" sort="Roberts, Pamela D" uniqKey="Roberts P" first="Pamela D" last="Roberts">Pamela D. Roberts</name>
<name sortKey="Secor, Gary A" sort="Secor, Gary A" uniqKey="Secor G" first="Gary A" last="Secor">Gary A. Secor</name>
<name sortKey="Smart, Christine D" sort="Smart, Christine D" uniqKey="Smart C" first="Christine D" last="Smart">Christine D. Smart</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Bois/explor/PhytophthoraV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000C30 | SxmlIndent | more

Ou

HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000C30 | SxmlIndent | more

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri

{{Explor lien
   |wiki=    Bois
   |area=    PhytophthoraV1
   |flux=    Main
   |étape=   Exploration
   |type=    RBID
   |clé=     pubmed:27812174
   |texte=   Genetic Variation within Clonal Lineages of Phytophthora infestans Revealed through Genotyping-By-Sequencing, and Implications for Late Blight Epidemiology.
}}

Pour générer des pages wiki

HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i   -Sk "pubmed:27812174" \
       | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd   \
       | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a PhytophthoraV1 

Wicri

This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.38.
Data generation: Fri Nov 20 11:20:57 2020. Site generation: Wed Mar 6 16:48:20 2024